Temperature



Halle and Kristina~ In this marking period we decided that for our project we will make an iMovie about how temperature affects the states of substances used in bridges. Here is what we have found out so far:

Friday, November 30th Today we will start to make our iMovie!

Since for our project we are researching the effects on bridges we decided to look for more information on bridges. Here are some notes from a book called __Physics Matter.__

__Bridges:__
 * Solids can resist forces better than gases or liquids. However, there is a strength limit for solids too. Once something passes this limit, they break, snap, or disinergrate.
 * Two key properties of solids are strength and hardness.
 * Some pemanent materials that are used in building bridges are concrete, stone, steel, and brick. They have a higher strength limit than most solids.
 * Some of the materials that were used in the earlier days of bridge building are tree trunks, vines, and stone.
 * Post-and-beam bridges are the simpilist of stone bridges.
 * If the load of a bridge is centered then the bridge is more sturdy.
 * In the cantilever bridge the load at the end of the span (a part of a bridge. bridges are made of many spans.) without a support.
 * In an arch bridge the load is centered.

Here is a bonus section about plasmas and solids. It includes harmonic motion in plasmas (the spinny ball thingy) and melting points of different metals (the chart below the solids). This was our original plan, but it fell through. Enjoy!! ♥☺♥☺♥☺♥☺♥

This is a model that was taken from crystalinks.com. To go there click on the picture. It shows Harmonic Motion in plasmas. See the plasmas section on this page for more information about harmonic motion.

__Solids:__

Solids are affected by temperature. At temperatures above the substance's melting point, the substance melts! But, if the temperature is under the melting point the substance stays a solid. Melting and freezing points are at the same temperature, but to freeze the temperature must decrease.


 * __Type of Metal:__ || __Density: (lbs/in3)__ || __Melting/Freezing Point (F)__ ||
 * Aluminum || .098 || 1220 ||
 * Copper || .322 || 1976 ||
 * Gold || .698 || 1945 ||
 * Lead(solid) || .41 || 621 ||
 * Plantium || .775 || 3225 ||
 * Silver || .379 || 1760 ||
 * Steel || .275 || 2650 ||
 * Tin(solid,liquid) || .263, .253 || 450 ||
 * Tungsten || .697 || 6170 ||

Plasmas: There are many different kinds of plasmas. The teo general categories are natural and manmade. There are different types in natural and manmade. Lightning is a natural plasma but more specifically it is terrestrial, meaning it comes from a part of Earth.